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Tools

ImageJ can display, edit, analyze, process, save and print 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit images. It can read many image formats including TIFF, GIF, JPEG, BMP, DICOM, FITS and "raw". It supports "stacks", a series of images that share a single window. It is multithreaded, so time-consuming operations such as image file reading can be performed in parallel with other operations. It runs, either as an online applet or as a downloadable application, on any computer with a Java 1.4 or later virtual machine.

             ImageJ toolbar and clickable table of contents.

Area Selection Tools

With ImageJ 1.42 and later, hold the control key down (command key on Macs) to resize around the center. With ImageJ 1.43 and later, hold the alt down to constrain resizing to the current aspect ratio.

Oval
Creates an elliptical selection. Holding the shift key down forces the selection to be circular. Use the arrow keys with the alt key pressed to change the width or height. As the selection is created or resized, its width and height are displayed in the status bar. Right click or double click on this tool to switch to the selection brush tool.

As with rectangular selections, hold the control key down (command key on Macs) to resize around the center and the alt key to constrain resizing to the current aspect ratio.

Selection Brush
This tool allows you to adjust the shape of an area selection using a circular "brush". To expand a selection, click inside it and drag along the boundary. To shrink it, click outside and drag along the bounday. (With ImageJ 1.38 and earlier, you have to hold down the alt key to do this.) To always add to the selection, hold the shift key down. To always subtract from it, hold the alt key down. Double click on the tool icon to adjust the brush diameter.

The selection brush tool shares a toolbar slot with the oval selection tool. To switch to it, double click on the oval tool and check "Enable Selection Brush" in the dialog. Or right click on the oval tool and select "Selection Brush" from the drop down menu.

Polygon
Creates irregularly shaped selections defined by a series of line segments. To create the selection, click repeatedly with the mouse to create line segments. When finished, click in the small box at the starting point (or double-click), and ImageJ automatically draws the last segment.

The points that define a polygon selection can be moved or deleted, and new points can be added. To delete a point, click on it with the alt key down. To add a point, click on an existing point with the shift key down.

Freehand
The freehand tool lets you create irregularly shaped selections by dragging with the mouse.

Wand Tool
Creates a selection by tracing objects of uniform color or thresholded objects. To trace an object, either click inside near the right edge, or outside to the left of the object. To visualize what happens, imagine a turtle that starts moving to the right from where you click looking for an edge. Once it finds the edge, it follows it until it returns to the starting point. Note that the wand tool may not reliably trace some objects, especially one pixel wide lines, unless they are thresholded (highlighted in red) using the Image>Adjust>Threshold tool. Use the WandAutoMeasureTool macro to outline and automatically measure objects.

Composite Selections

Line Selection Tools

The three line selection tools share the same toolbar slot. To switch to a different tool, right click on the current line tool and select the desired tool from the drop down menu.

Straight Line
Use this tool to create a straight line selection. Holding the shift key down forces the line to be horizontal or vertical. When creating a line on a zoomed image, holding the alt key down forces the two points that define the line to have integer coordinate values.

With ImageJ 1.42 and later, holding the control key down (command key down on Macs) while moving either end of the line rotates/resizes it about its center. With ImageJ 1.43 and later, holding the alt key down while moving either end of the line keeps the line length fixed.

To spatially calibrate an image, create a line selection corresponding to a known distance (e.g. 10mm), then enter that distance in the Analyze>Set Scale dialog box.

Segmented Line
Create a segmented line selection by repeatedly clicking with the mouse. Each click will define a new line segment. Double-click when finished, or click in the small box at the starting point.

The points that define a segmented line selection can be moved or deleted, and new points can be added. To delete a point, click on it with the alt key down. To add a point, click on an existing point with the shift key down.

Freehand Line
Select this tool and drag with the mouse to create a freehand line selection.

Angle Tool
This tool allows you to measure an angle defined by three points. The angle is displayed in the status bar while the selection is being created or adjusted. Press "m" (Analyze>Measure) to record the angle in the Results window.

Point Selection Tool
Use this tool to create a point selection, to count objects or to record coordinates. Click once to create a single point selection. Shift-click to add more points. Click on a point and drag to move it. Alt-click on a point to delete it. Alt-click and drag with the rectangular or oval selection tool to delete multiple points. Double-click on the point tool icon to display the following configuration dialog box.

If Auto-Measure is checked, clicking on an object in the image records its location and intensity and, if Mark Width is greater than zero, draws a mark in the current foreground color. The marks modify the image so it may be wise to work with a copy. Set the mark width to zero to disable marking. Note that color marks are only available with color images or grayscale images that have been converted to RGB. If Auto-Next Slice is checked, ImageJ will advance to the next stack slice after each measurement is recorded.

Use the Edit>Draw command to permanently draw a circular marker on the image at the location of each point. The makers are drawn in the current foreground color using a diameter of Mark Width.

Text Tool
Use this tool to add text to images. It creates a rectangular selection containing one or more lines of text. Use the keyboard to add characters to the text and the backspace key to delete characters. Use Edit>Draw to permanently draw the text on the image. Use Edit>Options>Fonts, or double-click on the text tool, to specify the typeface, size and style.

Magnifying Glass
Click on the image with this tool to zoom in. Alt-click (or right-click) to zoom out. The current magnification is shown in the image's title bar. Double-click on the magnifying glass icon to revert to the image's original magnification. There are 21 possible magnification levels: 3.1, 4.2, 6.3, 8.3, 12.5, 16.7, 25, 33.3, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 600, 800, 1200, 1600, 2400 and 3200 percent. When zooming in, press the shift key to prevent the window from being enlarged.

Scrolling Tool
Allows you to scroll through an image that is larger than its window. When using other tools (except the text tool), you can temporarily switch to this tool by holding down the space bar.

Color Picker
Sets the foreground drawing color by "picking up" colors from images. The color of this tool's icon changes to match the drawing color. Colors can "picked up" from the Image>Colors>Color Picker window using any tool. Alt-click in the Color Picker to change the background color. Double-click on this tool to display the Color Picker. The icon for this tool is drawn in the current foreground color and the frame around it is drawn in the current background color.

Macro Tools

Abort Tool
This macro tool aborts the currently running macro or plugin. It is equivalent to pressing the esc key. It is defined in the StartupMacros file by this macro:

   macro "Abort Action Tool - CbooP51b1f5fbbf5f1b15510T5c10X" {
      setKeyDown("Esc");
   }

Menu Tools
These three menus are are created by macros in the StartupMacros file. They provide convenient access to commands that are also in the main ImageJ menu bar, but buried two or three levels deep. The "Dev" (Developer) menu contains commands frequently used by ImageJ macro and plugin developers. The "Stk" (Stack) menu duplicates the commands in the Image>Stacks submenu. The "Lut" menu lists all the LUTs (Lookup Tables) in the ImageJ/luts folder.

Drawing Tools
The drawing tools are defined by macros in the StartupMacros file. The tools draw (or fill) in the current foreground color, or in the background color if the alt key is down. Set the foreground and background colors by double-clicking on the on the eye dropper (color picker) tool. Double-click on the pencil, paintbrush or arrow tool to set the drawing width for that tool. Double-click on the flood fill tool to select the fill method, either 4-connected or 8-connected.

Macro Toolset Switcher
Use this drop down menu to switch to alternative macro tool sets located in the ImageJ/macros/toolsets folder, or to revert to the default ImageJ/macros/StartupMacros tool set.

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